康復(fù)治療中常用的Bobath、PNF、Rood、Brunnstrom技術(shù)特點

程旺

<h3>Bobath技術(shù)主要特點：</h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3>通過關(guān)鍵點的控制及設(shè)計的反射抑制模式（RIP）和肢位的恰當擺放來抑制肢體痙攣，待痙攣緩解之后，通過反射、體位平衡誘發(fā)其平衡反應(yīng)，再讓患者進行主動的、小范圍的、不引起聯(lián)合反應(yīng)和異常運動模式的關(guān)節(jié)運動，然后在進行各種運動控制訓(xùn)練，逐步過渡到日常生活動作的訓(xùn)練而取得康復(fù)效果。</h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3>強調(diào)患者學(xué)習(xí)運動的感覺，學(xué)習(xí)基本姿勢與基本運動模式，按照運動的發(fā)育順序制定訓(xùn)練計劃，將患者作為整體進行治療。</h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3>常用反射抑制性模式、促進正常姿勢反應(yīng)、床上良好體位保持和體位轉(zhuǎn)換、關(guān)鍵點的控制、推—拉技巧、拍打、肢體置放和控制、輔助器具、患側(cè)肢體負重等技術(shù)進行治療。</h3> <section class="" data-tools="135編輯器" data-id="94513" style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 12px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding-right: 12px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 12px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(30, 155, 232); border-top-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); border-left-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); border-right-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 3px; max-width: 100%; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); border-radius: 6px; background: rgb(30, 155, 232); color: rgb(255, 255, 255); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding: 5px 1em; max-width: 100%; border-radius: 6px; border-width: 2px; border-style: dashed; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); background: rgb(254, 254, 254); letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.75em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">PNF技術(shù)主要特點：</section></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(30, 155, 232); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">PNF技術(shù)</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">以<strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">發(fā)育</strong>和<strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">神經(jīng)生理學(xué)</strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">原理</strong>為理論基礎(chǔ)，強調(diào)</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(30, 155, 232); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">整體運動</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">而不是單一肌肉的活動，其<strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">特征是</strong>以多肌肉參與的、多關(guān)節(jié)、多軸位、螺旋和對角線助動、主動和抗阻運動，類似于日常生活中的功能活動，并主張通過言語和視覺刺激以及一些特殊的治療技術(shù)來引導(dǎo)運動模式，促進神經(jīng)肌肉的反應(yīng)。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><section class="" data-tools="135編輯器" data-id="39" style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-tools="135編輯器" data-id="39" data-color="#1e9be8" data-custom="#1e9be8" style="max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-brushtype="text" placeholder="請輸入標題" style="padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; height: 36px; display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">具體特征：</section><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; height: 36px; vertical-align: top; border-left: 9px solid rgb(30, 155, 232); overflow-wrap: break-word !important; border-top: 18px solid transparent !important; border-bottom: 18px solid transparent !important;"></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（1）PNF模式在三個平面上組合運動：</span></strong></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">①矢狀面：肢體的屈曲和伸展；②冠狀面：肢體的內(nèi)收和外展，脊柱的側(cè)屈；③四肢或者軀干的旋轉(zhuǎn)。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（2）PNF模式具有螺旋形和對角線的特征： </span></strong></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">從肌肉活動能夠得到增強的現(xiàn)象上，可以知道牽張和加強操作能夠提高運動模式的訓(xùn)練效果，合理使用協(xié)同肌的擴散效應(yīng)能夠增強訓(xùn)練的肌群或加強預(yù)期的功能性活動。對肌肉活動的增強效應(yīng)不僅能通過運動模式的近端或遠端傳播，還能從一個運動模式傳播到相關(guān)的運動模式。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（3）PNF模式是根據(jù)肢體近端關(guān)節(jié)的運動來命名的：</span></strong></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">頭、頸、軀干和四肢均有兩個對角線模式，分別簡稱D1模式和D2模式。每一個對角線又由兩個互為拮抗的運動模式所組成，并且以近端關(guān)節(jié)的運動來命名，分別成為屈曲模式和伸展模式。這樣對四肢來說，每個肢體總共有D1屈曲、D1伸展、D2屈曲、D2伸展四個運動模式。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（4）PNF模式</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">對肢體近端和遠端關(guān)節(jié)的位置是有嚴格要求的，而對中間關(guān)節(jié)則無特別規(guī)定。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（5）當軀干和肢體組合在一起運動</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">時</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">就會形成更加完整的協(xié)同動作</span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（6）PNF模式的軌跡：</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在四肢是由四肢運動時遠端的手或足形成的。至于頭頸模式，則有鼻、下頜和頭頂所形成。軀干上部運動模式的軌跡是由肩頂畫出；軀干下部運動模式的軌跡是由髖所繪制。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（7）PNF模式的正常運動節(jié)律：</span></strong></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">①遠端部分（手、腕和足、踝）首先通過全范圍運動并維持相應(yīng)的位置。②緊連著肢體的其他部分平衡地運動并完成整個活動。③旋轉(zhuǎn)時運動的關(guān)鍵部分，并應(yīng)始終予以抗阻。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（8）PNF可以通過以下幾種方式予以變化：</span></strong></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">①改變肢體運動模式中中間關(guān)節(jié)的活動。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">②為適應(yīng)雙關(guān)節(jié)肌肉的影響而改變肢體運動模式中中間關(guān)節(jié)的活動。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">③改變患者的體位以改變重力的影響。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">④改變患者的體位，以便更好的利用視覺刺激。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 0.5px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 22.5px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(47, 47, 47); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">⑤改變患者的體位，使其更接近于功能位。</span></h3> <h3>Rood技術(shù)主要特點：</h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3>強調(diào)有控制的感覺刺激，根據(jù)個體的發(fā)育順序，利用運動來誘發(fā)有目的的反應(yīng)。任何人體活動都是由先天存在的各種反射，通過不斷的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展，并有反復(fù)的感覺刺激不斷地被修正，直到在大腦皮質(zhì)意識水平上達到最高級的控制為止。因此，應(yīng)用正確的感覺刺激，按正常人體發(fā)育過程來刺激相應(yīng)的感覺感受器，就有可能加速誘發(fā)運動反應(yīng)或引起運動興奮，并通過反復(fù)的感覺刺激而誘發(fā)出正確的運動模式。</h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3>治療內(nèi)容為皮膚刺激、負重、運動和按人體發(fā)育順序誘導(dǎo)出運動的控制。</h3> <h3>Brunnstrom技術(shù)主要特點：</h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3>在腦損傷后恢復(fù)過程中的任何時期均使用可利用的運動模式來誘發(fā)運動的反應(yīng)，以便讓患者能觀察到偏癱肢體任然可以運動，刺激患者康復(fù)和主動參與治療的欲望。強調(diào)在整個恢復(fù)過程中逐漸向正常、復(fù)雜的運動模式發(fā)展，從而到達中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的重新組合。肢體的共同運動和其他異常的運動模式是腦損傷患者在恢復(fù)正常自住運動前必須的一個過程，因此主張在恢復(fù)早期，充分利用一切方法引出肢體的運動反應(yīng)，并利用各種運動模式（不論這鐘運動時正常的還是異常的），如共同運動、聯(lián)合反應(yīng)，再從異常模式中引導(dǎo)、分離出正常的運動成分。最終脫離異常的運動模式模式，逐漸向正常、功能性模式過渡，達到最終能自己進行獨立運動的目的。</h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3><br></h3><h3>故其治療方針為：經(jīng)常重視運動感覺；早期患者在床上肢體擺放位置；利用共同運動模式；促進分離運動；最后達到隨意地完成各種運動。</h3> <h3><br></h3><h3> 我院康復(fù)科是集神經(jīng)康復(fù)，疼痛康復(fù)，骨傷康復(fù)于一體的臨床科室。康復(fù)治療技術(shù)項目齊全，醫(yī)療水平與質(zhì)量較高的康復(fù)科室，設(shè)有獨立門診和病區(qū)，開放床位30余張。現(xiàn)有工作人員10余人，包括康復(fù)醫(yī)師，物理治療師，作業(yè)治療師，言語治療師，針灸師等，能全面開展神經(jīng)康復(fù)，疼痛康復(fù)，骨傷康復(fù)的診療。健康熱線：0375-3310696</h3><h3> 15938945981</h3><h3>地址：葉縣第二人民醫(yī)院南樓四樓康復(fù)中心 </h3>