<h3>伯克利大學(xué)是加州最早開辦公立大學(xué)。伯克利以發(fā)現(xiàn)16個(gè)周期表元素（所有已知元素14%）而著稱于世。當(dāng)然她也擁有48個(gè)正式屬于"伯克利學(xué)者"的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者，其中33位物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，外加50多附屬的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者，共計(jì)107位諾獎(jiǎng)，外加246個(gè)奧運(yùn)會(huì)獎(jiǎng)牌（超過(guò)大多數(shù)國(guó)家?jiàn)W運(yùn)會(huì)獎(jiǎng)牌數(shù)），而比她建校時(shí)間長(zhǎng)一倍的哈佛大學(xué)卻也只有正式諾獎(jiǎng)48個(gè)。她的化學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)和文史也在美國(guó)能排到前五名，三十多個(gè)專業(yè)躋身全球前十名，總排名在哈佛，MIT， 斯坦福，牛津，劍橋之后第六（US news & World Report)也是很少能躋身全球前十大學(xué)的一所公立大學(xué)。<br>As of October 2019, 107 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with UC Berkeley, and 48 of them are officially listed as "Berkeley's Nobel Laureates" by UC Berkeley for being graduates (obtained degrees), current faculty members, or deceased faculty who retired at Berkeley.[3][4] Among the 107 laureates, 34 are Berkeley alumni (graduates and attendees), and 40 have been long-term academic members of the Berkeley faculty or Berkeley-affiliated research organizations. Subject-wise, 33 laureates have won the Nobel Prize in Physics, more than any other subject. In addition, Linus Pauling is the only UC Berkeley-affiliated Nobel laureate (Visiting Lecturer in Physics and Chemistry, 19291934)[5] to win two Nobel prizes: he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962;[6] since this is a list of laureates, not prizes, he is counted only once.<br>在開創(chuàng)性領(lǐng)域，清華北大還有若干年追趕。</h3> <h3>伯克利在美國(guó)不太被承認(rèn)，因?yàn)槊绹?guó)傳統(tǒng)上看不起公立大學(xué)。在前幾名的大學(xué)里，伯克利也是最窮的以窮孩子為學(xué)生主體組成的大學(xué)（很多學(xué)生藤校錄取但去不起），所以在傳統(tǒng)名校中很不入流。另外也在于美國(guó)公立大學(xué)招生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)比私立要低一些。雖然招生質(zhì)量比私立可能不高，畢業(yè)生質(zhì)量可都不含糊，因?yàn)樗麄儾扇〉氖枪⒏咝５?amp;quot;寬進(jìn)嚴(yán)出"政策。學(xué)生在這里學(xué)習(xí)其實(shí)極為刻苦，因?yàn)樘蕴室策h(yuǎn)比藤校高得多。<br>另外很大比例的學(xué)生是全家第一代上大學(xué)，這一點(diǎn)也和"藤校"有很大不同。哈佛等私立藤校大學(xué)將近三分之一是"legacy"錄取的孩子，因此錄取時(shí)地位身份和家產(chǎn)都是重要考慮成分，平均家產(chǎn)上千萬(wàn)美元。而伯克利錄取時(shí)只考慮個(gè)人的能力，因此1/3出于貧窮家庭。伯克利老師和學(xué)生1/3來(lái)自亞洲人或新移民，所以各個(gè)極為努力，這幾年甚至連排名也開始逐漸得到承認(rèn)。如果只排計(jì)算機(jī)，那伯克利就是穩(wěn)拿前三名：麻省理工，斯坦福，然后就是伯克利。證明在美國(guó)窮孩子通過(guò)努力也可以比肩富后代大錢養(yǎng)大了的孩子，因此窮學(xué)校也可以通過(guò)移民的勤奮改變自己的命運(yùn)。<br>哈佛大學(xué)人數(shù)不到伯克利二分之一，但哈佛經(jīng)費(fèi)預(yù)算卻比伯克利高一倍！攤到每個(gè)學(xué)生每年將近二十萬(wàn)美元。由此可見(jiàn)伯克利的厲害：只用別人四分之一的教育成本，但在辦校時(shí)間不到哈佛一半的期間里所得到的諾獎(jiǎng)數(shù)和影響卻很接近哈佛，這在私立名校的眼里簡(jiǎn)直就是個(gè)暴發(fā)戶。哈佛，斯坦福等貴族學(xué)校的貴族氣質(zhì)（也叫l(wèi)egacy) 和花大錢的風(fēng)格也可見(jiàn)一斑。但辦學(xué)的效率明顯有區(qū)別！而且這些學(xué)校工科畢業(yè)生的起薪也都差不多，畢業(yè)生也很少有找不到工作的。所以成本高四倍的情況下，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量卻差不多，讓這些"藤校"百思不解。<br>最近才透漏出的消息證明，前蘇俄在計(jì)算機(jī)方面的研發(fā)基金幾十年來(lái)一直比美國(guó)高很多，但最后徹底敗下陣來(lái)，結(jié)果構(gòu)成以買美國(guó)集成電路和計(jì)算機(jī)順便剽竊美國(guó)軟件為基礎(chǔ)來(lái)提高自己的國(guó)防能力的悲慘現(xiàn)實(shí)。<br>錢看來(lái)不是萬(wàn)能的，自由的思想也許更加值錢?？上н@一點(diǎn)俄國(guó)人費(fèi)盡心思也不會(huì)想出個(gè)頭緒。</h3> <h3>伯克利為啥這樣厲害，原因之一帶領(lǐng)我們參觀的捷克來(lái)的女孩子告訴我們：我們伯克利也只有兩個(gè)黨：自由主義黨和極端自由主義黨。<br>如果一個(gè)年輕人要想尋求自由的思想和學(xué)術(shù)氣氛，這里大概也是最好選擇。作為任何一個(gè)種族的人，在這里生活也沒(méi)有任何族裔帶來(lái)的壓力和偏見(jiàn)。每個(gè)人都是"外國(guó)人"，沒(méi)人在意你長(zhǎng)得啥樣子，操什么口音。這是一個(gè)有本事就拿出來(lái)，沒(méi)本事就趕快離開的地方。</h3> <h3>伯克利的學(xué)生宿舍男女廁所都在一個(gè)房間，男孩女孩都在隔壁房間，男女界限盡可能沖淡。學(xué)校女生53%，其他性別47%。但是女兒的電子工程與計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)卻只有26%女生。<br>工程院的院長(zhǎng)和她們的系主任都是中國(guó)人，學(xué)生們中國(guó)人占1/3。到處聽(tīng)到大家用中文講話。加州也是唯一的一個(gè)招生時(shí)把性別，種族，家庭富裕程度都拋開來(lái)招生的州。唯才錄取。<br>加州和美國(guó)在很多地方格格不入，所以他們遲早會(huì)成為退出美國(guó)聯(lián)邦的第一個(gè)州。如果獨(dú)立，他們會(huì)成為世界第一科技強(qiáng)國(guó)，經(jīng)濟(jì)總量也會(huì)是僅次于美，中，德日的第五大經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國(guó)。大家都盼著這一天的早日到來(lái)。反正兩百年前這片土地也不是什么美國(guó)的"固有領(lǐng)土"，當(dāng)時(shí)也沒(méi)人聽(tīng)得懂啥子英語(yǔ)。</h3> <h3>伯克利大學(xué)的一位計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)的學(xué)生為未來(lái)的孩子寫了有關(guān)伯克利想學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)但沒(méi)有把握完成學(xué)業(yè)的學(xué)生"寬進(jìn)嚴(yán)出"，weed out過(guò)程的如下切身體會(huì)：<br>Is it hard to get a 3.3 GPA for Computer Science at UC Berkeley? 入學(xué)一年后拿到B+然后被計(jì)算機(jī)系接收容易嗎？<br>Varun Murthy, Bachelor's Degree Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley (2020)Answered August 16, 2018 · Upvoted by Angie Drexler, studies Cognitive Science at University of California, Berkeley (2020) and Wilson Lee, studied Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at University of California, Berkeley (1984)Originally Answered: Is it hard to get 3.3 GPA for CS in UC, Berkeley?<br>Hey there! Im rising sophomore who recently declared the L&S CS major after meeting the GPA threshold. 嗨，我是伯克利二年學(xué)業(yè)優(yōu)秀后（伯克利只有第一年成績(jī)優(yōu)秀達(dá)到3.5以上才能成為計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)）成功進(jìn)入計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)的學(xué)生，聽(tīng)聽(tīng)我的感慨吧！<br>This is my story. Hang tight.<br>I entered Berkeley in Fall 2017 fresh out of high school. Like most of my friends, I was quite certain about what I wanted to major in, Computer Science. Probably minor in Applied Mathematics or Statistics, maybe even do a dual concentration in Data Science. Optimism was in the air. I had researched the major declaration policies for L&S CS. I needed to get an average of 3.3 in 61A, 61B & 70.我是2017年高中畢業(yè)以優(yōu)異成績(jī)進(jìn)入伯克利，當(dāng)時(shí)就一心想一年以后獲得資格來(lái)學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)。<br>Sounded easy, right? After all, how hard could a B+ average be? Not so fast tiger.再者說(shuō)，B+的資格能有多難？<br>I sat in Wheeler 150 for my first lecture and remember John DeNero introduce himself as an ex-engineer on the core team that built Google Translate and thinking to myself, "Wow, I guess this where Berkeley CS takes you!" Its difficult to quantify your Berkeley experience before your first exam - reality doesnt strike until that point. My first midterm was in Pimentel 1 and I was seated exactly at the center in seat G17. My friends and I had prepped for it for hours in Moffit. We had solved almost all previous exams and had exhausted all online resources we could lay our hands on. We were ready for this, or at least thats what we thought. 考試前我和朋友一起把過(guò)去的考題仔細(xì)分析，并把能找到的類似考題通通做了一遍。<br>That exam was brutal.但是真正考試簡(jiǎn)直太殘酷了。<br>Fast forward to a few days after the first midterm. I remember opening the notification email that a new exam had been added to my Gradescope account, proceeding to check my score & feeling a pit in my stomach after realizing that I was only a little above the mean. 意識(shí)到自己剛剛過(guò)平均分，我感到胃里翻江倒海的難受。<br>I was upset that night, not only because I was unhappy with my score, but because for the first time in my academic career I felt a sense of fear. 我在意識(shí)到我一生第一次在學(xué)習(xí)上感到害怕。 In high school I was at the top of my class; I was the one whom teachers lauded and my friends looked up to. 高中時(shí)我是學(xué)校尖子，習(xí)慣于老師的表?yè)P(yáng)和同學(xué)的贊賞。Suddenly, I felt worthless, humiliated & defeated. 忽然我意識(shí)到自己原來(lái)啥也不是，并且深感羞愧。I was powerless in a system that was so well-defined that the only way for me to succeed was to give up everything Id pedagogically known and adapt to this new way of life. 我意識(shí)到我需要放棄初學(xué)習(xí)以外的任何活動(dòng)來(lái)適應(yīng)新的生存現(xiàn)實(shí)。<br>Lower division classes are notoriously difficult because the EECS department needs to weed out underperforming students - not because their academic capability is inferior in any way, but because there are only a fixed number of seats in upper division classes that need to be regulated for administrative reasons. 高年級(jí)只有那么多位置學(xué)?？梢怨芾?，所以低年級(jí)的大批不夠優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生只能被淘汰。The department cant afford to have over-enrolled lower division classes because there simply arent enough resources to handle that large a number of students. Coupled with the likelihood that every Berkeley student takes at least one programming class in their time here, this issue gets of out of hand when students try to repeat classes they fare poorly in. This is why the department has made guidelines for declaring the major stricter every year since 2015. Essentially, you get only one chance to attempt 61A, 61B & 70 and score at least a 3.3.<br>If youre like most international freshmen, youll have a mediocre programming background compared to the average American whiz kid simply because education systems outside the United States are tailored towards mechanical calculations and memorization. Thus, youll need to work harder to compensate for your weakness in analytical reasoning and dynamic thinking. Thankfully, 61A and 61B are graded on a binned system - your grade depends only on your performance, not anyone elses. Take full advantage of all the resources the EECS department has to offer. Everyone here truly wants to see you succeed and is prepared to help you in whatever capacity they can. I couldnt have made it so far without the countless late-evening drop-ins to UPE and HKN when I needed help optimizing a depth-first search for a project or help to analyze the amortized runtime of a hash table.很難想象對(duì)語(yǔ)言不熟悉的國(guó)際生是如何生存。<br>You will be competing with some of the best and brightest students from around the world, many of whom turned down Ivy Leagues to attend Berkeley for its technical prowess. Dont get discouraged when youre set back. Work ethic and determination are definitely needed, but what matters more is dedication.<br>I believe in you. Good luck!</h3>