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海棠花溪

孺子牛

<p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 前幾日看過植物園的爛漫桃花,現(xiàn)在最不該錯(cuò)過的一個(gè)是海棠花溪了。只有這樣,這個(gè)春天才算是圓滿吧。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 自古以來海棠就是雅俗共賞的名花更素有“花中神仙”、“花貴妃”之美譽(yù),它美而不妖、繁而不雜,雖嬌艷奪目,卻又不過分艷麗,是老北京人心中的“富貴花”。在北京城里,絕不乏賞海棠之處,故宮、中山公園、植物園等等都有,但最出名、最親民、最熱鬧的還要屬元大都城垣遺址公園。這里有著北京城區(qū)內(nèi)最大的海棠林。這里遍植西府海棠、金星海棠垂絲海棠等28個(gè)品種、5000余株花,開花時(shí)節(jié)溪水岸邊的海棠花便會(huì)爭相斗艷,繁茂的花枝紅的熱烈,粉的嬌倩,令人如癡如醉。此時(shí)人在花下過,宛如畫中行。如果僅是有花,倒也不足為奇元大都城垣遺址公園的海棠最妙之處便是搭配了水一切景色,有了水系就有了流動(dòng)和生氣,岸邊繁花似錦,水中映著花紅柳綠。給人不是江南卻勝似江南的一種感覺。</p> <p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 《同兒輩賦未開海棠》</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 金朝:元好問</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;枝間新綠一重重, 小蕾深藏?cái)?shù)點(diǎn)紅。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;愛惜芳心莫輕吐, 且教桃李鬧春風(fēng)。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 元好問筆下的海棠是豆蔻年華的少女,含苞待放,情竇初開。海棠新長出的綠葉層層疊疊,但小花蕾隱匿其間,海棠深藏花蕾,愛惜芳心,并不輕易爭春。心中若有桃花源,何處不是水云間,且讓桃花和李花盡情去炫耀吧。這似乎也是通過含苞待放的海棠,來寄托自己的一種獨(dú)善其身生活態(tài)度。</p> <p class="ql-block"> 《海棠春·已未清明對(duì)海棠有賦》</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 宋代:吳潛</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 海棠亭午沾疏雨。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 便一餉、胭脂盡吐。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 老去惜花心,相對(duì)花無語。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 羽書萬里飛來處。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 報(bào)掃蕩、狐嗥兔舞。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 濯錦古江頭,飛景還如許。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 這首詞借寫海棠,聯(lián)想“海棠國”的戰(zhàn)局,表現(xiàn)了烈士暮年心憂國事的忠忱,抒發(fā)了自己壯心不已的豪情。</p> <p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 《海棠》</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 宋代:蘇軾</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;東風(fēng)裊裊泛崇光,香霧空蒙月轉(zhuǎn)廊。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;只恐夜深花睡去,故燒高燭照紅妝。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 蘇軾因?yàn)跖_(tái)詩案被貶黃州,他經(jīng)過人生起伏,但并未沉淪。他在黃州夜不能寐,燃起高高的紅蠟燭,不愿放棄這良辰美景,為了留住這人世間的剎那芳華,秉燭賞花,高高的舉起蠟燭,照亮了海棠嬌羞的臉龐?!爸豢忠股罨ㄋ?,故燒高燭照紅妝”,這一句膾炙人口,寫出了蘇軾對(duì)海棠花的愛戀,寫出了詩人的一片癡情,通過這首詩我們也能到詩人的達(dá)觀、瀟灑的胸襟。這也許就是描繪海棠最為經(jīng)典、最美的一首詩。</p> <p class="ql-block"> 《春晴懷故園海棠二首其一》</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;宋代:楊萬里</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;故園今日海棠開,夢(mèng)入江西錦繡堆。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;萬物皆春人獨(dú)老,一年過社燕方回。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;似青似白天濃淡,欲墮還飛絮往來。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 無那風(fēng)光餐不得,遣詩招入翠瓊杯。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 此詩借“有所夢(mèng)”,來表現(xiàn)“有所思”,春晴懷念故園(家鄉(xiāng))的海棠。想海棠,真的夢(mèng)見家鄉(xiāng)繁花似錦的海棠。當(dāng)然,也不一定真的做了這種好夢(mèng),只是假托夢(mèng)境來表現(xiàn)極端想念而已。</p> <p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;《海棠》</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 唐·何希堯</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;著雨胭脂點(diǎn)點(diǎn)消,半開時(shí)節(jié)最妖嬈。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;誰家更有黃金屋,深鎖東風(fēng)貯阿嬌。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 海棠花開得正美艷動(dòng)人,海棠花苞是深紅色的,如同女人用胭脂,但是海棠花開放卻如同胭脂慢慢化開,那種粉紅更像人面,并且有種欲迎還羞的感覺,所以半開時(shí)節(jié)最美,有種這里動(dòng)態(tài)寫了海棠花開的過程,是耐人欣賞的紅妝之美。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</p> <p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 《臨江仙》</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;五代:和凝</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;海棠香老春江晚,小樓霧縠涳濛。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;翠鬟初出繡簾中,麝煙鸞佩惹蘋風(fēng)。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;碾玉釵搖鸂鶒戰(zhàn),雪肌云鬢將融。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;含情遙指碧波東,越王臺(tái)殿蓼花紅。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 海棠花的馨香已經(jīng)殘盡,春江正臨日暮時(shí)分,小樓籠罩在輕紗一般的薄霧里,那么縹緲迷蒙。詞作借海棠花謝香殘,表述了一種氣象在衰退,一個(gè)時(shí)代在更迭。曾經(jīng)的曾經(jīng)如何如何,而這一切,不可能亙古不變。</p> <p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 《訴衷情》</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; 宋代·晏殊</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 海棠珠綴一重重。清曉近簾櫳。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 胭脂誰與勻淡,偏向臉邊濃。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;看葉嫩,惜花紅。意無窮。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;如花似葉,歲歲年年,共占春風(fēng)。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 太平宰相晏殊筆下的海棠花如重重珠綴,嬌艷的顏色好似美人臉上暈暈染染的胭脂紅,讓人聯(lián)想到書香門第的大家閨秀,卷珠簾,施粉黛,對(duì)鏡貼花紅,輕掃蛾眉,不知是誰給她淡妝濃抹,讓她嬌羞的臉龐,變得暈暈染姹紫千紅。</p> <p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 《如夢(mèng)令》</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;宋·李清照</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;昨夜雨疏風(fēng)驟,濃睡不消殘酒。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 試問卷簾人,卻道海棠依舊。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 知否,知否?應(yīng)是綠肥紅瘦。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; “綠肥紅瘦”是李清照對(duì)暮春時(shí)節(jié)海棠花的描寫,這首小詞生動(dòng)地描繪了女詞人的部分閨房生活。其實(shí)海棠花的花瓣著了一夜雨水之后,會(huì)顯得很重,會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出下垂的狀態(tài),海棠花明顯比在陽光下綻放所呈現(xiàn)出的嬌嫩、嬌艷的狀態(tài)清瘦很多。但是海棠花到了李清照眼里,已經(jīng)變成了不勝酒力,風(fēng)姿綽約的魅力女人。</p> <p class="ql-block">《木蘭花·海棠·三之二·林鐘商 》</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; 宋 · 柳永</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;東風(fēng)催露千嬌面。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;欲綻紅深開處淺。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;日高梳洗甚時(shí)欠,</p><p class="ql-block"> 點(diǎn)滴燕脂勻未遍。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;霏微雨罷殘陽院。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;洗出都城新錦段。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;美人纖手摘芳枝,</p><p class="ql-block"> 插在釵頭和風(fēng)顫。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 海棠花在柳永的演唱下,瞬間變得千嬌百媚,驚艷紅塵。“美人纖手摘芳枝,插在釵頭和風(fēng)顫?!泵廊巳穗S手摘下一朵海棠花。他在發(fā)絲之中隨風(fēng)搖曳。這一句看似普通,卻寫盡了人間風(fēng)流。天仙配歌詞“順手摘下花一朵,我與娘子在發(fā)間。”或許是從柳永那里獲得了靈感??此瀑|(zhì)樸,其實(shí)浪漫至極,深受百姓喜愛,在民間廣為流傳。</p> <p class="ql-block"> 《雨中惜海棠花》</p><p class="ql-block"> ——廖行之</p><p class="ql-block"> 東君何事妒花妍,不遣春風(fēng)一笑嫣。</p><p class="ql-block"> 邀動(dòng)芳心愁萬縷,盈盈含恨雨中天。</p> <p class="ql-block">&nbsp; “海棠笑迎客,留步看花溪”,海棠花溪這個(gè)名字,一聽便覺心馳神往?;蛟S,海棠花溪的名字便由來于此吧。&nbsp;</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 如果你不想錯(cuò)過最美的春色,那就趕緊到海棠花溪來看看吧,再錯(cuò)過,就真的要等明年啦!</p>