<p class="ql-block">簡儀是由元代天文學(xué)家郭守敬創(chuàng)制的,因革新簡化了唐、宋兩代結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的渾儀，故名。中國傳統(tǒng)渾儀環(huán)圈眾多，易相互遮蔽天區(qū)，運轉(zhuǎn)不夠靈便,且安裝眾多同心環(huán)圈技術(shù)上也很困難。簡儀保留了最基本的環(huán)圈，將其分開安裝成二組，且以窺衡替代傳統(tǒng)的窺管。窺衡是兩端各有一根細線的銅條，觀測時，令兩細線與天體處于一個平面內(nèi)，以提高儀器的照準精度。</p><p class="ql-block">300年后,丹麥天文學(xué)家第谷才在歐洲采用同樣的裝置。</p><p class="ql-block">The abridged armilla was invented by Yuan dynasty astronomer Guo Shoujing. It was</p><p class="ql-block">named "abridged" because it simplified the complex armillary sphere in the Tang and Song</p><p class="ql-block">dynasties. Traditional Chinese armillary spheres had many rings, which tended to obscure</p><p class="ql-block">each other's celestial areas and were not convenient to operate. It was also technically</p><p class="ql-block">difficult to install so many concentric rings. The abridged armilla retains the most basic</p><p class="ql-block">rings and installs them in two separate groups. It replaces the traditional sighting tube</p><p class="ql-block">with a sighting bar, a sliver of copper with a string on each end. During observation, the</p><p class="ql-block">two strings will be on the same level with the celestial body to improve the accuracy of the</p><p class="ql-block">instrument. 300 years later, the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe adopted a similar devi</p><p class="ql-block">in Eurone</p> <p class="ql-block">春種秋收</p><p class="ql-block">Ancient Chinese Agriculture</p><p class="ql-block"> 中國是世界農(nóng)作物起源中心地之一。中國先民最先培育出水稻、粟等糧食作物，并在長期的農(nóng)業(yè)耕種實踐中，不斷改進耕作技術(shù)、改良農(nóng)具,發(fā)明了耬車、水碓等先進的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和加工工具,并將幾千年農(nóng)耕積累的豐富經(jīng)驗歸納總結(jié)，留下《氾勝之書》《齊民要術(shù)》《王禎農(nóng)書》《農(nóng)政全書》等著名農(nóng)學(xué)著作，對世界農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深遠影響。</p><p class="ql-block">China is one of the countries where crops were first grown.</p><p class="ql-block">Ancient Chinese people were the first to cultivate rice, millet</p><p class="ql-block">and other crops. Over the thousands of years of farming,</p><p class="ql-block">they had kept improving crop cultivation techniques and</p><p class="ql-block">farming tools, invented advanced farming and grain</p><p class="ql-block">processing tools, such as seed plough and water-powered</p><p class="ql-block">trip hammer, and put together the rich farming experience</p><p class="ql-block">gained throughout the long-term practices in such famous</p><p class="ql-block">works on agriculture as Fan Sheng Zhi Shu (The Book of Fan</p><p class="ql-block">Sheng-Chih on Agriculture), Qi Min Yao Shu (Essential</p><p class="ql-block">Techniques for the Peasantry), Wang Zhen Nong Shu (Wang</p><p class="ql-block">Zhen's Book of Agriculture), and Nong Zheng Quan Shu</p><p class="ql-block">(Complete Treatise on Agricultural Administration). These</p><p class="ql-block">classics have profound impacts on the agricultural</p><p class="ql-block">development in the world.</p><p class="ql-block">美篇</p><p class="ql-block">@花甲星</p><p class="ql-block">美篇號:12043663</p>